Unit 1 - Models of Memory

Multi-Store Model of Memory

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RD4hPEW18tU&index=27&list=UUihhn04L6q6sjkByuXrr-vQ&safe=active - This clip explains the memory process according to the multi-store model of memory. 

Key things to remember:

1. There are 3 distinct, unitary stores (Sensory, STM and LTM)
2. Each store differs in terms of capacity, duration and coding

3  Information flows in a set sequence

4. Attention and rehearsal are key to the memory process

5. Memory is a relatively passive process

Can you explain each of these points in more detail?  Please note:  To complete effective AO1 you need to explain how information flows through the system and you need to include information about each store (e.g. capacity, duration and coding)

Does research suggest that this is a good or bad model of memory?

Extra work: What do we know about the sensory memory store?
Find out -
1. How do we encode into the sensory store?
2. What are the names of the different components of the sensory store - there are five!
3.  What is the duration of the sensory store (in general and specifically)
Please note:  The capacity of the sensory store (when looking at it in it's entirety) is unlimited.  We can take in huge amounts of information from each of the different senses at one given moment in time!

Working Memory Model (WMM)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DlX20jqKJ8g&feature=related
http://www.simplypsychology.org/working%20memory.html

Watch this video clip and read the information in the document above.  Use the information to complete the following questions:

1. Name each of the components of the wmm and explain the role that each one plays

2. What does this model suggest about multi-tasking?
3. What is the capacity of each of the components of the wmm?
4. How do we code information into each component of the wmm?
 

3. The video talks about key research completed to prove the wmm.  Give details of the research and explain what it proves about the wmm. 
4.  You need three strengths for the wmm - do you know any additional strengths?
5.  What is the main problem wit the wmm?  Explain in full detail

A brief introduction to the four key appraoches 2/2

Cognitive Approach

The cognitive approach focuses on the mind when it comes to explaining behaviour.  It states that errors in mental processing and thinking have a major impact on your behaviour.  Examples of such errors include cognitive deficits (or impairments) in mental processes such as attention are linked to behavioural issues like ADHD.  Negative thinking is linked to Depression.


Watch the following clip to help develop your understanding of the cognitive approach:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FKw1unLjpbE

Biological Approach

According the Biological approach, "all that is psychological is first physiological".  This means that all behaviour has a physical cause.  For example:
Genetics - Puts forward that behaviour is inherited
Biochemistry / Neurotransmitters - Considers the impact of neurotransmitters in the brain such as Serotonin
Hormones - Considers the impact of hormones such as testosterone
Neuro-anatomy / Structure of the brain - Considers the impact of brain abnormalities and brain damage
Infection - Considers the impact some infections have on behaviour (e.g. untreated syphilis)


Watch the following video clips to help develop your understanding of Biological assumptions
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0yTCShemS_0&feature=related- Research on twins separated at birth - what does this suggest
about the role of genetics on behaviour?

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A0EyX4lRL2I&feature=related - How neurotransmitters work

A brief introduction to the four key psychological approaches 1/2

Psychodynamic

Sigmund Freud claims that behaviour is determined by the activities that go on in the unconscious mind.  These activities are influenced by our childhood experiences.

Watch these clips to help develop your understanding of the activities that go on in our unconscious minds and their impact on behaviour!

Id, Ego, Superego battle - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6a8mwidjG8s&feature=related

Ego Defence Mechanisms - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e-NP__ExSSE&feature=related

Psychosexual Development - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cvOoYX45G_0

Behavioural

According to traditional Behaviourists, all Behaviour is learned by either Classical Conditioning (association) or Operant Conditioning (reinforcement).  Neo-Behaviourists (Social Learning Theorists) added a further theory.  This is that we also learn our behaviour by observing the behaviour of others.

Watch the clips below to help develop your understanding of these key terms:

Classical Conditioning: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xg3WuvCrIZg&feature=related

Operant Conditioning: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fLoHH03QAAI

Learning through observation: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GQwJXvlTWDw